Unit+14

Unit 14: A Contemporary America 1960-201

__TIMELINE:__ - John F. Kennedy is inaugurated - //Bay of Pigs// invasion of Cuba fails - Freedom Riders travel on buses through the South in order to protest racially segregated bus facilities **1962** **-** //Cuban Missile Crisis// **1963** - Martin Luther King Jr. delivers "I Have a Dream" speech - President Kennedy is assassinated **1964** - //Civil Rights Act// **1965** - President Johnson's //Great Society// Program - //Voting Rights Act// **1966** - //Miranda v.s. Arizona// court case **1968** - Sen. Kennedy is assassinated - Martin Luther King Jr. is assassinated **1969** <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">**-** Richard Nixon is inaugurated - Armstrong first man on the moon - SALT I, Soviet and U.S. arms agreement - Nixion's //Watergate Scandal// - //Roe v.s. Wade// court case - Nixon resigns - Harrison Ford sworn into presidency - //Vietnam War// ends - Jimmy Carter is inaugurated - Sadat and Begin sign //Camp David Accord// - U.S. establishes mainland ties with China for first time since Communist takeover - Panama takes control of Canal Zone - Iranian students take hostages in Teheren - //Abscam//, FBI's undercover bribery investigation - Ronald Reagan is inaugurated - Sandra Day O'Connor first woman in Supreme Court - U.S. invades Grenada (Caribbean) - Space shuttle Challenger explodes - //Iran-Contra// scandal breaks //-// Reagan and Gorbachev sign INF treaty - George H.W. Bush is inaugurated - Oil tanker Exxon Valdez runs aground in Prince William Sound - U.S. invades Panama in search of Gen. Manuel Noriega - Iraqi troops invade Kuwait - //Persian Gulf War//, code name "Desert Storm" - U.S. and Soviet Union sign START I - Cold War ends at Camp David - Bill Clinton is inaugurated - President Clinton signs //North American Free Trade Agreement// - President Clinton sexual scandals - Columbine High School shooting - George W. Bush is inaugurated - World Trade Center terrorist attack, //9/11// - Hunt for Osama Bin Laden - Space shuttle Columbia explodes - Iraq War begins - Hurricane Katrina - Virginia Tech shooting - Barack Obama is inaugurated - Deepwater Horizon oil rig explodes in Gulf of Mexico
 * 1961**
 * 1971**
 * -** 26th Amendment ratified, lowered voting age from 21 to 18
 * 1972**
 * 1973**
 * 1974**
 * 1975**
 * 1977**
 * 1978**
 * 1979**
 * 1980**
 * 1981**
 * 1983**
 * 1986**
 * 1987**
 * -** Berlin wall is torn down
 * 1989**
 * 1990**
 * 1991**
 * 1992**
 * 1993**
 * 1998**
 * 1999**
 * 2001**
 * 2003**
 * 2005**
 * 2007**
 * 2008**
 * 2010**

//PEOPLE:// - elected in 1960; youngest president in American history; first Roman Catholic President - had young family, was vibrant and charming and appealed to many Americans - casted his brother, Robert Kennedy, as Atty. Gen. - proposed the Peace Corp. and Alliance for Progress - took vigorous action in equal rights and arts in society - New Frontier Policy: social reforms - economic programs launched the country on its longest sustained expansion since WWII -1964 became U.S. senator of New York. -1968 ran for president, was assassinated June 6, 1968. -was the 8th Secretary of Defense under John F. Kennedy and Lindon B. Johnson. -led the Free French Forces during WWII, he resigned in 1968. -was a civil rights activist, known for his non-violent protests, led the Montgomery Bus Boycott. -helped to found the SCLC, recieved the Nobel Peace Prize. -was assassinated April 4, 1968, recieved the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Congressional Gold Medal. -assassinated John F. Kennedy. - completed Kennedy's term - championed the "Great Society" legislation and his "War on Poverty" -escalated the United States involvement with the Vietnam War which spark an angry anti-war movement - sponsored the Goldwater-Nichols act which restructured the higher levels of the Pentagon - the leader of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and the Honorary Prime Minister of the Black Panther Party - popularized the term "black power" - proponent of Realpolitik and played a dominant role in United States foreign policy - pioneered the policy of detente with the Soviet Union and negotiated the Paris Peace Accords - inspired a grassroots environmental movement that led to the creation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency -his policies transferred power from Washington to the states - established the Environmental Protection Agency - developed two new cabinet-level departments, the Department of Energy and the Department of Education - established a national energy policy - returned the Panama Canal Zone to Panama - h is supply-side economic policies, dubbed "Reaganomics", advo cated reducing tax rates to spur economic growth, controlling the money supply to reduce inflation, deregulation of the economy, and reducing government spending - he supported anti-communist movements worldwide by ordering a massive military buildup, resulting in the Cold War - awarded the Nobel Peace Prize and the Harvey Prize - helped form the Independent Democratic Party of Russia - was a anti-apartheid activist and leader of the armed wing of the African National Congress - passed welfare reform and the State Children's Health Insurance program - caught in the Lewinsky scandal - impeached for perjury and obstruction of justice - the first African American president
 * John F. Kennedy**
 * Robert F. Kennedy**
 * -**from 1962 to 1964 he was the U.S. Atttorney General.
 * Robert S. McNamara**
 * Charles de Gaulle**
 * Martin Luther King Jr.**
 * Lee Harvey Oswald**
 * Lynden B. Johnson**
 * Barry Goldwater**
 * -** sparked the resurgence of the American conservative political movement and impacted the libertarian movement
 * Malcom X**
 * -** founded the Organization for African-American Unity and was a radical black supremacist
 * Stokely Charmichael**
 * -** black activist in the American Civil Rights Movement
 * Eugene McCarthy**
 * -** ran on an anti-Vietnam War platform for presidency
 * Hubert S. Humphrey**
 * -** vice president that founded the Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party and Americans for Democratic Action
 * George Wallace**
 * -** ultra-conservative Southern populist and segregationist attitude toward desegregation
 * Henry Kissinger**
 * -** recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
 * Rachel Carson**
 * -** American marine biologist and conservationist whose book Silent Spring and other writings are credited with advancing the global environmental movement
 * Richard Nixon**
 * -** initiated detente and the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty with the Soviet Union
 * Jimmy Carter**
 * -** recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
 * Edward Kennedy**
 * -** part of controversial Chappaquiddick incident
 * Ronald Reagan**
 * Geraldine Ferraro**
 * -** first female vice presidential candidate for a major political party
 * Mikhail Gorbachev**
 * -** last head of the Soviet Union
 * Nelson Mandela**
 * -** served as President of South Africa and first to be elected by a fully representative democratic election
 * Saddam Husein**
 * -** terrorist and dictator of Iraq
 * Normon Schwarzkopf**
 * -** commander of the Coalition forces of the Gulf War
 * Bill Clinton**
 * -** implemented the "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy
 * George W. Bush**
 * -** announced the "War on Terror" and initiated the war with Iraq
 * Barack Obama**

__VOCABULARY:__
 * 1) //credibility gap:// an apparent difference between what is said or promised and what happens or is true
 * 2) //"New Frontier":// John F. Kennedy's domestic and foreign programs
 * 3) //Peace Corp.:// a civilian organization sponsored by the United States government that helps people in developing countries
 * 4) //Alliance for Progress:// program initiated by John F. Kennedy to establish economic cooperation between the U.S. and Latin America
 * 5) //Bay of Pigs:// an unsuccessful invasion of Cuba in 1961
 * 6) //Cuban Missile Crisis:// a major confrontation between the U.S. and the Soviet Union over the presence of Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba.
 * 7) //nuclear test ban treaty:// the treaty banning nuclear weapon tests in all places except underground
 * 8) //War on Poverty:// legislation introduced by Lyndon B. Johnson in response to national poverty rate
 * 9) //"Great Society":// domestic program that instituted federally sponsored welfare programs
 * 10) //Tonkin Gulf Resolution:// a joint resolution which Congress passed because of a sea battle between the North Vietnamese and U.S.
 * 11) //Civil Rights Act of 1964:// a piece of legislation outlawing major forms of discrimination.
 * 12) //24th Amendment:// Bans both Congress and the states from making the right to vote conditional on any type of tax.
 * 13) //Voting Rights Act:// outlawed discriminatory voting practices
 * 14) //Operation Rolling Thunder:// a bombing campaign over North Vietnam
 * 15) //Tet Offensive:// An attack by the Vietcong on Vietnam new years
 * 16) //My Lai Masssacre:// A mass murder of South Vietnam civilians by U.S. troops
 * 17) //detente:// easing tensions
 * 18) //ABM Treaty:// Anti Ballistic Missile Treaty between the U.S and Soviet Union
 * 19) //SALT:// Strategic Arms Limitation Talks, two rounds of negotiations relating to armament control
 * 20) //MIRV:// Intercontinental missile with warheads
 * 21) //affirmative action:// A policy favoring those who suffer from discrimination
 * 22) //Clean Air Act:// Legislation relating to reducing air pollution
 * 23) //EPA:// Environmental Protection Agency a federal agency aimed at reducing pollution
 * 24) //Philedelphia Plan:// Required government contractors to hire minority workerws
 * 25) //Medicare:// insurance for people over age 65 or with disabilities
 * 26) //Medicaid:// insurance for those requiring financial aid
 * 27) //"Saturday Night Massacre":// term given to Nixon's executive dismissal of Archibald Cox, and resignation of other officials
 * 28) //Pol Pot:// Cambodian communist leader Khmer Rouge
 * 29) //War Powers Act:// The president may send troops into action abroad only with approval of Congress or if the U.S is already under attack or serious threat
 * 30) //Moral Majority:// a political action group formed to further conservative ideals and legistlation
 * 31) //white flight:// White people moving away to suburbs to avoid immigrants
 * 32) //Bakke vs. UC Regents:// a decision by the supreme court on allowable scope factors of admission but only as it applies to the purpose of improving learning through diversity
 * 33) //perestroika:// the policy of restructuring and reforming the political and economic system
 * 34) //Iran-Contra Affair:// a political scandal in the Unites States when administration officials facilitated the sale of arms to Iran.
 * 35) //Reagonomics:// economic policies promoted by Ronald Reagan in the 1980s
 * 36) //Tianenmen Square:// in 1989, government troops opened fire there on pro-democracy civilians
 * 37) //Commonwealth of Independent States:// confederate of independent states that we're formerly part of the Soviet Union
 * 38) //Operation Desert Storm:// the United States and it's allies defeated Iraq in a war that lasted 100 days
 * 39) //ADA//: a high level computer <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;">programming language used in real-time computerized control systems
 * 40) //27th Amendment:// prohibits any law that increases or decreases the salary of members of the Congress
 * 41) //World Trade Center//: t<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;">he twin towers were destroyed in a terrorist attack on September 11, 2001
 * 42) //Contract with America/ Newt Gingrich//: the Contract detailed the actions the Republicans promised to take if they became the majority party in the United States House of Representatives for the first time in 40 years
 * 43) //Whitewater//: an American politics controversy that began with the real estate investments of Bill and Hillary Clinton and their associates, Jim and Susan McDougal in the Whitewater Development Corporation, a failed business venture

__FRQ:__
 * 1) Analyze the ways in which the vents and trends of the 1970s diminished the nation's economic power and international influence, and challenged Americans' confidence in both.
 * 2) Analyze the extent to which TWO of the following transformed American society in the 1960s and 70s: The Civil Rights Movement, The Anti-War Movement, The Women's Rights Movement.
 * 3) "Between 1960 and 1975, there was great progress in the struggle for political and social equality." Access the validity of this statement with respect to TWO of the following groups during that period.
 * African Americans
 * Asian Americans
 * Latinos
 * Native Americans
 * Women

__PRIMARY SOURCES:__ Prior Knowledge: After WWII Eastern Europe was under the control of Russia and the separation between Western Europe and Eastern Europe was known as the Iron Curtain. Audience: Everyone. Reason: To show the inpenatrability of the Iron Curtain. The Main Idea: Democracy is unable to break through the Iron Curtain to spread democratic ideas to Eastern Europe. Significance: The west was closed out of Eastern Europe during the Cold War. Prior Knowledge: Richard Nixon was president fom 1969 to 1974 and eventually resigned due to his adminastration's involvement in the Watergate scandal. Audience: Everyone. Reason: To illustrate how Nixon got tangled in his own "web" of deciet. The Main Idea: Nixon was caught while trying to cover up his past incedent. Significance: Nixon was forced to resign due to his administration's break-in at the DNC headquarters. Prior Knowledge: George W. Bush was the 43rd president from 2001 to 2009 and was commonly disliked during his second term and many believe that he hurt the country more than he helped it, however during Barrack Obama's presidency ,after Bush, Obama was blamed by many for what Bush had done. Audience: Pro-Bush-supporters/anti-Obama-supporters/everyone. Reason: To make fun of the people who blamed Obama for the probles that Bush left for him. The Main Idea: Bush caused problems during his presidency that people blamed Obama for. Significance: At the end of his presidency Bush passed on all of the nations problems to Obama and yet Obama was blamed for them.
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Prior Knowledge: The Veitnam War was disliked because many American soldiers were killed and many Americans back home wished the war would end. Audience: Voters/everyone. Reason: To demonstrate how America was doing more damage than it was helping. The Main Idea: America declared war to prevent the spread of communism to Veitnam and yet it was causing damage to the country it was trying to save from communism. Significance: While America was fighting to keep communism out of Veitnam it was also destroying it simultaniously. Prior Knowledge: After WWII Eastern Europe was under the influence of communistic Russia. Audience: Everyone. Reason: To show how Europe had split during the Cold War. The Main Idea: Europe was split into two halfs: the East and the West. The East was under communistic influence and the West was democratic. Significance: Europe was divided by the Iron Curtain during the Cold War. Prior Knowledge: During the Veitnam War the Ho Chi Minh Trail was used to supply the Veitcong with men, food, weapons, etc. Audience: Everyone. Reason: To illustrate where the Ho Chi Minh Trail stretched to. The Main Idea: The Ho Chi Minh Trail traveled down through southern Veitnam to the front of the war. Significance: With this supply route the Veitcong was able to resupply their forces at the front for the entire duration of the war. 7.[|Obama elected 44th president] Author: M. Alex Johnson Place/Time: 11/5/2008 Prior Knowledge: Obama was the presidential candidate for the democratic party and was the first African American president. Audience: Voters/everyone. Reason: To inform the people of their new 44th president of the United States. The Main Idea: Barack Obama was elected the 44th president of the Unite States. Significance: Obama was the first African American president. 8.[|9/11 Attacks] Place/Time: New York, 9/11/2001. Prior Knowledge: There was a terrorist attack on 9/11/2001 which resluted in the destruction of the World Trade Center. Audience: Everyone. Reason: To inform people of what happened on the day of this tragedy. The Main Idea: 9/11 was a terrifying moment for Americans everywhere and killed hundreds of people. Significance: For many Americans their lives were changed forever by this incident. 9.[|The JFK Assassination] Place/Time: Dallas, Texas,11/22/1963. Prior Knowledge: John F. Kennedy was elected president in 1961 and was assassinated in 1963 by Lee Harvey Oswald. Audience: Everyone. Reason: To inform the public of what happened when JFK was assassinated. The Main Idea: JFK was asassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald on 11/22/1963. Significance: JFK was assassinated.
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 * 1) [[image:resourcesforhistoryteachers/cold_war_mp.jpg width="344" height="335"]]
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__VIDEOS:__ media type="youtube" key="6aZ8vNagvks" height="360" width="480" media type="youtube" key="RMINSD7MmT4" height="360" width="480"

__SITES:__ @http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0903597.html http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/ @http://www.collegeboard.com/student/testing/ap/history_us/samp.html?ushist [] [] []